We have spread over most of Earth's land. Today, we humans are living almost everywhere. Some of us even live in the desert, and the Arctic! We all have a place.
我们已经散布到地球的大多数陆地。今天，人类几乎住在所有地方。有些人甚至住在沙漠和北极！每个人都有自己的"地方"。
Here you can look at some of the places we live in.
这里你可以看看我们生活的一些地方。
📄 教材 · Where did we end up?
Today, we humans are living almost everywhere.
今天，我们人类几乎住在所有地方。
Some of us even live in the desert, and the Arctic!
有些人甚至住在沙漠和北极！
We all have a place. Let's look at a few.
我们每个人都有自己的"地方"。让我们看几个例子。
📄 教材 · 6 个例子原句
A · Hassan's place. He is a Marsh Arab. He and his family live on an island of reeds in the marshes in southern Iraq. They go everywhere by boat.
A · Hassan 的地方。他是一个沼泽阿拉伯人。他和家人住在伊拉克南部沼泽里一座芦苇岛上。他们到哪都坐船。
B · Adja's place — a small village in Mali, in West Africa. This is her outdoor kitchen. She's cooking for her family on a wood fire. She gets water from a well.
B · Adja 的地方——西非马里的一个小村庄。这是她家的户外厨房。她用木火给家人做饭，从井里打水。
C · Alona's winter place. Her family are reindeer herders, in Siberia in Russia. They move around the tundra with their reindeer and tents, to the best grazing places.
C · Alona 的冬季营地。她家在俄罗斯西伯利亚是驯鹿牧人。他们带着驯鹿和帐篷在苔原上游牧，找最好的牧场。
D · Vitor's place — on the street in Recife, in Brazil. That's him front left. His mum died and now he is homeless. He's made friends with the other street children.
D · Vitor 的地方——巴西累西腓的街头。前排左边那个就是他。他妈妈去世了，现在他无家可归。他和其他街头孩子成了朋友。
E · Emi's place. She lives in an apartment on the 31st floor, in Tokyo, Japan. Tokyo is the world's largest city. At night she looks down on the bright city lights.
E · Emi 的地方。她住在日本东京31 楼的公寓里。东京是世界最大城市。晚上她俯瞰璀璨的城市灯光。
F · Sela's place. She lives in Tonga, a country of 169 islands, in the Pacific Ocean. It has 117,000 people. And like the UK, it has a Royal Family.
F · Sela 的地方。她住在汤加——太平洋上由 169 个岛屿组成的国家，11.7 万人。和英国一样，有皇室。
📄 教材 · So what's your place like?
Your place is a tiny dot on the planet. Billions of people may never even have heard of it.
你的地方只是地球上的一个小点。可能数十亿人从未听说过它。
But you have memories of it, and feelings about it, and pictures of it in your mind. It's home — at least for now.
但你有关于它的回忆、感受，脑海中也有关于它的画面。它是家——至少现在是。
💡 L5a 概览核心词 · 词源/教材原句/延伸/易错 一站式。
🌍 "地方 / 位置"基础概念
place/pleɪs/n.地方
词源拉丁 platea（宽街、广场）→ 法语 place → 英语 place
教材"Your place is a tiny dot on the planet."（你的地方只是地球上的一个小点）
延伸① take place 发生 ② in place of 代替 ③ place an order 下单
place vs location：place 偏感受、带情感（"家""社区"）；location 偏地图坐标（"经纬度"）。考试问"my place"通常要写感受，不只是地址。
location/loʊˈkeɪʃn/n.位置（具体坐标）
词源拉丁 locus（地点）+ -ation（名词后缀）= "定位"
教材地理书第一章用 location 描述"在哪个国家、哪个大洲"。
延伸① locate v. 找到位置 ② local adj. 本地的 ③ locator 定位器
同根local, locate, dislocate（脱臼，关节脱位）
environment/ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/n.环境
词源法语 environ（周围）+ -ment（名词后缀）= "围绕你的东西"
教材6 个例子都在讲不同 environment（沙漠、沼泽、苔原、都市、海岛）如何塑造生活方式。
延伸① natural environment 自然环境 ② environmental protection 环保 ③ environmentally friendly 环保的
同根environs n. 周边地区；environmental adj. 环境的
🗺️ 地理"区域"概念
region/ˈriːdʒən/n.区域、地区
词源拉丁 regere（统治、划界）→ regio = "被划出来的一片地"
教材课后讨论 6 张照片所在的 region（西非、东亚、太平洋等）。
延伸① polar region 极地 ② tropical region 热带 ③ regional dialect 方言
region ≠ country：region 比 country 大或跨国（"东亚地区" 包含中日韩）；不要直接翻译为"国家"。
📌 本节考点：① Tokyo = world's largest city ② Tonga = 169 islands + 117,000 people + Royal Family ③ Vitor 在 Recife, Brazil 是 homeless street child ④ 解释为什么城市要建高楼。
✅ 学完小检查（3 题）
1. 我能记住 Tokyo 是世界最大城市 + Emi 住 31 楼
2. 我能说出 Tonga 4 个事实：169 islands / 117,000 people / Pacific / Royal Family
3. 我能解释为什么 Tokyo 要建高楼（人多 + 地少 = 楼高）
💡 教材原句中英对照（都市 + 街头 + 海岛）。
📄 教材 · D · Vitor on street in Recife
On the street in Recife, in Brazil.
在巴西累西腓的街头。
That's him front left.
前排左边那个就是他。
His mum died and now he is homeless.
他妈妈去世了，他现在无家可归。
He's made friends with the other street children.
他和其他街头孩子成了朋友。
📄 教材 · E · Emi in Tokyo apartment
She lives in an apartment on the 31st floor, in Tokyo, Japan.
她住在日本东京 31 楼的公寓里。
Tokyo is the world's largest city.
东京是世界最大的城市。
At night she looks down on the bright city lights.
夜晚她俯瞰璀璨的城市灯光。
📄 教材 · F · Sela in Tonga
She lives in Tonga, a country of 169 islands, in the Pacific Ocean.
她住在汤加，这是太平洋上一个由 169 个岛屿组成的国家。
It has 117,000 people.
这里有 11.7 万人。
And like the UK, it has a Royal Family.
和英国一样，它有一个皇室。
💡 L5c 都市 + 海岛核心词 · 拆词 archi-pelago = 主要-海。
🏙️ 都市（Tokyo / Recife）
urban/ˈɜːbən/adj.城市的
词源拉丁 urbs（城市）+ -an = "属于城市的"（urbs 是罗马自称"那座城"）
教材Tokyo 是典型 urban environment（都市环境），对比 Mali 的 rural village（农村）。
延伸① urban area 城区 ② urbanization 城市化 ③ suburb 郊区（sub-下 + urb 城 = 城外）
反义rural（农村的） 同根urbanize v. 城市化；urbanite n. 都市人
density/ˈdensəti/n.密度（人口密度）
词源拉丁 densus（密集的）+ -ity（名词后缀）= "密集的程度"
教材Tokyo 的 population density 极高（一栋楼住几千人）；Tonga 极低（169 岛只有 11.7 万人）。
延伸① population density 人口密度 ② densely populated 人口稠密 ③ density = people ÷ area
同根dense adj. 密集的；condense v. 浓缩；condensation n. 凝结
megacity/ˈmeɡəsɪti/n.超大城市（>1000 万人）
词源希腊 mega-（巨大）+ city（城市）= "巨型城市"
教材"Tokyo is the world's largest city."（教材原句）→ Tokyo 是典型 megacity（3700 万人都市圈）。
Look at the six photos of places.
a) Which place would you most like to spend time in? Why?
b) Which would you least like to spend time in? Why?
c) Rank the places in order of preference, with your most preferred place first.
👉 没有标准答案。重点是说"why"——给理由，比"我喜欢"多说一步。 高分回答示例："I would most like to spend time in Tokyo, because I find big cities exciting and I want to try Japanese food. I would least like Recife, because being homeless on the street sounds dangerous and sad."
📝 题 2：⭐ 五感观察法（核心技能）
Now choose one of the six places. It need not be your favourite. Imagine you are there, looking around you. Take your time. Relax. Now:
a) What can you see?
b) What can you hear?
c) What can you smell?
d) How do you feel about this place?
🎯 五感观察法（必学技能）
👁️ See 看
具体形容颜色、形状、动作（不是 "things"）
👂 Hear 听
风声、人声、动物、机器、水声
👃 Smell 闻
食物、烟、雨、海、土、汗
💭 Feel 感觉
情绪（开心 / 害怕 / 好奇）+ 触觉（热 / 冷 / 湿）
示例（以 Alona 在 Siberia 苔原为例）：
See: white snow stretching to the horizon, dark reindeer moving in a herd, a small tent with smoke rising
Hear: the wind howling, reindeer hooves crunching on snow, no traffic at all
Smell: smoke from burning wood, the cold clean air, animal fur
Feel: my hands are freezing, but I feel a strange calm being so far from cities
📝 题 3：地图配对
In geography, we always like to know where on Earth places are. So turn to the world map on pages 140–141. It shows the countries we've divided Earth into. For each of the six photos, find the country where it was taken. Then say which continent it is in.
👉 这道题就是把"6 个名字"配到"国家 + 大洲"。看 L5a 的表格：
人
国家
大洲
Hassan
Iraq 伊拉克
Asia 亚洲
Adja
Mali 马里
Africa 非洲
Alona
Russia 俄罗斯（Siberia）
Asia 亚洲（北部）
Vitor
Brazil 巴西
South America 南美洲
Emi
Japan 日本
Asia 亚洲
Sela
Tonga 汤加
Oceania 大洋洲
📝 题 4：你的家
Now imagine you are standing outside your home.
Which country are you in? And which continent?
What can you see around you?
What can you hear?
What can you smell? Anything?
How do you feel about this place? You could show your answer as notes on a drawing.
👉 用五感法描述自己家门口。对中国的同学：
Country: China 中国
Continent: Asia 亚洲
剩下 4 项是自己观察 → 笔记或画图
📝 题 5：思维导图
教材示意图（不强求文字）：画一张"My place is in..." / "I can see..." / "I can hear..." / "I can smell..." / "I feel..." 的五枝思维导图。
📝 题 6：⭐ 想象一个没去过的地方
Think of a place you have never been to, that you want to visit one day. (A town? A mountain? A country?) What do you think it will be like? Do a drawing!
1. Look at the six photos of places. a) Which place would you most like to spend time in? Why? b) Which would you least like to spend time in? Why? c) Rank the places in order of preference, with your most preferred place first.
2. Now choose one of the six places. It need not be your favourite. Imagine you are there, looking around you. Take your time. Relax. Now: a) What can you see? b) What can you hear? c) What can you smell? d) How do you feel about this place?
3. In geography, we always like to know where on Earth places are. So turn to the world map on pages 140–141. It shows the countries we've divided Earth into. For each of the six photos, find the country where it was taken. Then say which continent it is in.
4. Now imagine you are standing outside your home. Which country are you in? And which continent? What can you see around you? What can you hear? What can you smell? Anything? How do you feel about this place? You could show your answer as notes on a drawing.
"I can see…" "My place is in…" "I can smell…" "I can hear…" "I feel…"
"我能看到……""我的地方在……""我能闻到……""我能听到……""我感觉……"
📄 教材 · Your turn 题 6
6. Think of a place you have never been to, that you want to visit one day. (A town? A mountain? A country?) What do you think it will be like? Do a drawing!
My place is in Shanghai, China, in Asia — a city where old lane houses sit next to glass skyscrapers.
Looking around, I can see plane trees lining the street, scooters parked in rows, and a small shikumen 石库门 doorway with red paint peeling. I can smell oily fried noodles from the breakfast shop, mixed with car exhaust.
At any moment I can hear Shanghainese 上海话 from old people, school bells from down the block, and the soft beep of a delivery scooter. I feel both crowded and safe — there are always people, but they are my people.
This is the kind of place where you can find a 2000-year-old water town one metro stop from a 600-meter skyscraper. That mix is home.
🔍 这篇范文用了哪些 L5 学到的工具？
L1 总分总：开头预告（lane houses + skyscrapers）→ 结尾呼应（2000-year vs 600-meter）
💡 注意：bank 里有 9 个标签，但图上只有 6 个空。Bali（印尼岛屿，跟 Mali 拼写易混）、Iran（伊朗，跟 Iraq 易混）、Argentina（南美阿根廷，跟 Brazil 同洲）—— 这 3 个是易混拼写陷阱。
💡 L5 章 5 种常见考题题型。先看例题 → 3 步怎么答 → 满分示范。
📍 题型 1：Where is X 位置题
例题：Where is Hassan?
怎么答 · 3 步：
给具体位置（southern / eastern...）
给国家（country）
给大洲（continent）
✅ 满分示范："Hassan lives in southern Iraq, in Asia."
🗺️ 题型 2：Describe X's place 描述地方
例题：Describe Adja's place.
怎么答 · 3 步：
用 5 感（see / hear / smell / feel）
用具体名词（well, mud, thatched roof, wood fire）
3-4 句话给清楚画面
✅ 满分示范："Adja's place is a small village in Mali. Houses are made of mud with thatched roofs. She cooks outdoors on a wood fire and gets water from a well."
⚖️ 题型 3：Compare 对比两个地方
例题：Compare Adja and Alona.
怎么答 · 3 步：
先相同点（Both...）
再不同点（However... whereas...）
气候 / 生计 / 住房 任选 1-2 个维度
✅ 满分示范："Both Adja and Alona live in rural places without cities. However, Adja lives in a hot dry village in Mali, whereas Alona moves around the cold tundra in Siberia."
💧 题型 4：How does X get... 生计题
例题：How does Hassan get food?
怎么答 · 3 步：
讲具体行为（fish / hunt / farm / herd）
用具体工具（boat / well / wood fire）
讲具体地方（in the marshes）
✅ 满分示范："Hassan gets food by fishing in the marshes with a boat. His family also raises water buffalo for milk."
❓ 题型 5：Why does X 解释生活方式
例题：Why does Alona's family live in tents?
怎么答 · 3 步：
开头用 "because"
讲生计需求（要跟着鹿群走）
用专有名词（reindeer / tundra / grazing）
✅ 满分示范："Alona's family lives in tents because they are reindeer herders who move around the tundra to find the best grazing places. Tents are easy to take down and set up again."
📌 L5 章高分关键：用具体名词（well / marsh / tundra / reed / reindeer），而不是 "a tool" "a place"。"具体"永远比"泛"得分高。